GM TCC Circuits

不好了！不是另一个续集！你没有听说表达：如果你见过一个，你已经看到了他们所有人？这对电影来说是真的（想想“岩石”系列），现实表明（幸存者，学士学位，学徒）甚至传输。

传播s? That’s right. Take, for example, the GM converter clutch circuits. The overall plot has stayed the same: apply and release the clutch. Only the cast of characters (valves and solenoids) and individual story lines (On/Off vs. PWM, limiting apply and/or release pressures, etc.) has changed. So once the basic TCC (torque converter clutch) circuit is understood, the more complex circuits can be deciphered easily.

While there can be any number of ways to categorize GM converter clutch circuits, one basic way is by the solenoid control method. There are three basic circuit styles:

So, why the circuit sequels? Was anything gained or lost with each subsequent style? Compare the early TH200C TCC circuit that used a TCC enable solenoid activated by a governor switch to one of today’s modern transmissions with a computer that analyzes a multitude of inputs (engine temperature,transmissiontemperature, brake switch, pressure switch, vehicle speed sensor, throttle position sensor, crankshaft position sensor, etc.) in order to duty cycle the TCC PWM solenoid. By monitoring the various operating parameters, the computer is better able to determine the best time for applying or releasing the converter clutch, but also at what rate and firmness the clutch should apply or release. (A line graph depicting the TCC apply and release of both these type circuits is shown in图1）。

电路的复杂性不仅导致改善的驱动性，而且更有效的功率流量和增加的燃料经济性。通过使用PWM式电路，发生更光滑的申请和发布，并且允许TCC迅速而不会令人反感。消费者对加油站更好的舒适性和更不频繁和更便宜的停止，使这些电路改善了必要性。

The on-off style4L30-E.provides a good example of a very basic TCC enable solenoid circuit. Only one on/off solenoid and one valve directly control the apply and release of the TCC. The converter clutch control valve, biased by solenoid signal fluid pressure and opposing spring force, routes fluid pressure into the apply or release circuits (see图2）。This either fully engages or releases the converter clutch. The drivability “feel” is controlled by metering the apply flow with the orifice in the line circuit, and release flow with the checkball in the turbine shaft. This allows the converter pressure and flow to vary with line pressure. Some 2000-up models changed to a TCC PWM solenoid and 3 TCC valve-style circuit similar to the5L40-E，这将稍后讨论。

单个TCC启用电磁阀系统的更复杂版本是440 /4T60（看到图3.）。该电路具有转换器离合器施加阀，该阀门的起作用的阀门与4L30-e相同，因为它将转换器供给流体压力路由到转换器离合器的涂敷或释放侧。但是，该阀门具有多个阀芯直径尺寸，并使用线压来辅助弹簧从螺线管偏置TCC信号压力的力。这有助于防止阀门狩猎，这可能会产生锁定投诉和/或烧毁的转换器。此外，该电路使用转换器离合器阀门在通过施加阀门和转换器中指示转换器进料压力施加压力。平衡调节的施加压力由弹簧力和TCC蓄能器和电视压力相反，以控制该调节阀。虽然该系统仍然完全啮合或释放转换器离合器，但它允许转换器施加压力，以随着扭矩需求而变化，并且离合器更加平稳地应用以改善接合感。包含在该电路中的另一个特征是TCC吹除阀，可控制转换器填充电路，以最大压力为130 psi。

In 1991 General Motors released the4T60-E, which contained its first dual solenoid system utilizing PWM for the converter circuit (although some early units were still single solenoid, non-PWM). The design of this circuit is very similar to the 440/4T60, only refined in the area of clutch apply and release for an even smoother and more controlled engagement feel (see图4.）。The circuit still contains the same style converter clutch apply valve, which functions in the same manner to direct flow to the apply or release side of the converter clutch.

However, the converter clutch regulator valve is now two pieces, regulates line pressure instead of converter feed into apply pressure, and is controlled by a PWM solenoid. The PWM solenoid is controlled by the computer, and varies the duty cycle (on/off time) from 0% to 100%, thereby adjusting PWM pressure which positions the converter clutch regulator valve (instead of TV pressure in the 440/4T60). This allows the apply pressure to be more finely controlled based on multiple transmission inputs, and permits the converter clutch to be “slipped” on or off, depending upon driving needs. The addition of the PWM solenoid eliminated the need for a TCC accumulator. The transition from the 700-R4/4L60关闭式转换器电路4L60-E启用和PWM电磁控制电路与4T60-e的启用非常相似。

虽然PWM电路允许TCC滑动并完全应用，但应该注意的是，一些应用提供EC3（电子控制容量离合器）PWM系统。PWM和EC3系统之间的液压电路是相同的，但计算机编程变化。EC3单元允许连续的低RPM转换器离合器滑动，这仍然通过减少传动系扭转干扰来进一步提高燃料经济性，同时进一步提高驾驶性。bob综合体育下载

GM转换器电路的下一个主要进展是消除使能电磁阀并仅使用一个TCC PWM电磁阀来控制涂敷，调节器和通常额外的阀门。一个很好的例子是4T80-E.（看到图5.），这几乎与更常见的液压相同4L80-E.。3日clut义务骑车太极拳PWM电磁脉冲ch oil into TCC control fluid pressure, which controls three valves: TCC enable, converter clutch control (apply), and converter clutch regulator. In the release position, the TCC enable valve directs feed limit pressure to the spring side of the apply valve. This prevents the apply valve from hunting between apply and release due to the pulsed pressure control.

As the computer starts increasing the duty cycle, the enable valve is the first to stroke, allowing the feed limit pressure to exhaust from the spring side of the apply valve. The apply valve is then stroked, redirecting release pressure from the converter to the enable valve for an orificed exhaust. Pulsed TCC control pressure then adjusts the regulator valve according to duty cycle, which regulates line into apply pressure that is routed to the converter for a controlled slip engagement. The converter feed limit valve prevents release pressure from exceeding 125 psi (93-107 psi on the 4L80-E). One potential hazard in this system is that if the apply valve becomes stuck in the “on” position, there will be no release pressure to the converter and overheating will occur.

5L40-E（见图6.）还使用单个TCC PWM电磁阀来控制阀门，并通过不同的液压载体消除了这种危险。脉冲TCC信号压力冲击TCC控制阀并同时启用阀门。但是，如果控制阀卡在施加位置，转换器进料限制电路将确保转换器仍然流动。在这种设计中，还消除了转换器进料限制阀。

这些电路中的每一个都略有不同，但进展表明，提高了对效率和驾驶性的强调。哪个是最好的？它们都有优缺点，但旨在当时最佳地使用该技术。Sonnax提供众多零件，可以更换和改进这些电路的数量的组件（见图7.）。Someplace there’s a room full of screenwriters working on Rocky VI or the next Survivor series, and as long as there’s money to be saved, a new approach to try, or an improved design, you can guarantee another sequel to the GM converter clutch circuit.